There are many lifestyle choices that may reduce the chances of conceiving. Some of these reduce the frequency of intercourse hence the chance for egg and sperm to meet. Some reduce the quality of eggs or sperm; or affect the ability of the uterus to receive an embryo.
The following measures optimize natural fertility:
- Regular exercise to maintain a good weight that maintains your body mass index [weight (kg)/height2 (m2)] between 20 to 30. Being very thin or obese may reduce fertility
- Consume a healthy diet which includes fruits and vegetables. Limit processed foods and caffeine
- Track the menstrual cycle and ensure frequent intercourse around the fertile period
- Avoid smoking cigarettes including shisha pipe or electronic cigarettes and other recreational drugs
- Limit alcohol intake
- Limit environmental exposure to pesticides, solvents, other organic compounds and heavy metals
- Some lubricants used during intercourse may reduce sperm motility
- Be faithful to one partner to avoid acquiring sexually transmitted infections which may cause blockage of the fallopian tubes or endometritis
- Avoid use of androgenic steroids as they may reduce sperm count and quality
